Mortising-tool



[No Model.)

J. HICKS. MORTISING TOOL.

No, 502,120.. Patented July 25, 1 893;

M/VE/VTOH 5; M I BY A TTORNE Y8:-

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

SIMEON J. HICKS, OF ENGLEW'OOD, ILLINOIS.

MORTISING-TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 502,120, dated July 25,1893.

Application filed May 21, 1892. Serial No. 433,838. (No model.)

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, SIMEON J. HICKS, of Englewood, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented a new and Improved Mortising-Tool,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description Theobject of the invention is to provide a new and improved mortising tool,which is simple and durable in construction, and arranged to quickly andconveniently form a complete square or rectangular mortise without muchdanger of breaking the bits or chisel.

The invention consists of certain parts and details, as will be fullydescribed hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improvement with parts in section.Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the chisel; and Fig. 3 is a sectionalplan view of the gearing for the bits, on the line 33-of Fig. 1.

The improved mortising tool is provided with the head A, having areciprocating motion and mounted to slide in suitable guideways B,arranged on the usual mortising machine. On the lower end of the headAis socured the chisel 0, made hollow and having the lower edges of thesides and ends sharpened so as to readily cut into the wood to form asquare or rectangular mortise. A series of transversely extending barsD, connect the sides of the hollow chisel with each other, the said barsbeing chamfered at both sides to form a cutting edge to extend in linewith the cutting edges of the sides and ends of the chisel. The barsalso .form circular openings E, for the passage of the shanks of thebits F, extending with their cutting ends a short distance below thechisel C, see Fig. 1. The upper ends of the bits F are secured inelongated gear wheels G, mounted to turn in suitable bearings arrangedin the head A, the several gear wheels being in mesh with one another,as is plainly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, so that when one of the said gearwheels is rotated all the gear wheels rotate in unison. It will be seenthat the adjacent gear wheels rotate in opposite directions, andconsequently the bits F held on the corresponding gear wheels are maderight and left handed according to the direction in which the gearwheels turn, so that all the bits cut at the same time when the gearwheels are rotated. As shown in Fig. 1, the two outermost gear wheels Greceive a rotary motion in opposite directions, the said gear wheelsbeing, for this purpose, provided on their upwardly extending shaftswit-h pulleys H, connected by belts with suitable machinery forimparting a rotary motion in opposite directions to the said outermostgear wheels. Now,

it will be seen that when the head A is fed downward upon the wood, andthe bits F are revolved as before described, then the bits cut into thewood in advance of the chisel, which latter, on following, cuts by itssharp sides and ends, as well as the transverse cutting bars D, theremaining portion of the wood not cut by the bits, so that theentire'mortise is formed. It is understood that the chips are confinedonly to the twist in the lower part of the bit for a very short time,that is, until they pass the upper edge of the cutting bars D; as thenthe chips are free to pass from the twists into the space formed abovethe bars in the hollow chisel, and consequently tight packing andclogging up of the bits are prevented. It will further be seen that asthe lower ends of the bits are guided in the lower part of the hollowchisel G, the said bits are not liable to break, owing to the bearingthey have in the chisel, and also in consequence of the removal of thesurplus stock by the cutting edges of the chisel and the bars D. Thus itwill be seen that the bits do not clog up with chips, and consequentlythe said bits are not prevented from revolving o freely, and as all thebits revolve simultaneously it would be very dangerous in case one ofthe bits should be clogged up as all the others would be affected, onaccount of the several bits being positively geared together.

Having thus fully described my invention,

I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a mortisingtool, a hollow chisel provided at its cutting end with cutting barsextending transversely across the chisel and having their cutting edgesflush with the cutting edges of the chisel, substantially as described.

2. A mortising tool, comprising a hollow cutters D,the bitsF passingthrough the openchisel provided at its cutting end with transings formedby the transverse cutters, the verse cutters extending across the sameand elongated gear wheels G to which the bits are having their cuttingedges flush with the cutsecured, and the pulleys H on the extended 5ting edges of the chisel, and bits mounted to shafts of the outermostgear wheels, substanr 5 revolve in unison and passing through the tiallyas herein shown and described.

openings formed by the transverse cutters, SIMEON J. HICKS.substantially as herein shown and described. Witnesses:

3. A mortising tool, comprising the hollow H. E. HINDMARST, ro chisel C,having at its lower end transverse JOHN SOHNSORIPT.

